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The National Institute of Health Care Management made headlines with its report on double-digit increases (17 percent) in retail spending on medicines in 2001. The total reached $155 billion last year, almost double the $80 billion spent in 1997, according to the study, "Another Year of Escalating Costs." PhRMA president Alan Holmer said the increase is a good thing, signifying that more people who need medicines for chronic conditions are being treated and thereby avoiding more expensive medical procedures.

African-American physicians regard direct-to-consumer advertising of prescription medicines as one way to educate minority patients about needed treatment and healthcare options, according to a survey conducted by the National Medical Association (NMA). Almost all of the 900 physicians answering the questionnaire reported that DTC advertising has prompted patients to ask questions, and one-third acknowledged that they feel additional pressure to justify their prescribing decisions. But almost half (48 percent) said that such promotion increased communications between physicians and patients.

Among the dozens of initiatives in Washington affecting the pharma industry, one common thread is the growing movement to control accelerating expenditures for prescription medicines.

Science deserves all the credit it gets, and more, for driving this industry. Still, no science succeeds without a certain application of what we broadly call art. Inside the scientific discipline, many arts apply-the art of experiment, the art of planning, and the art of free association among them.

The returns are in, and they are not pretty. Janus Funds' billion-dollar investment in WebMD in 2000 now has a net value of roughly ten cents on the dollar, and many observers see WebMD as a winner in their space-whatever that space is now.

The European Medicines Evaluation Agency (EMEA) has promised to get tough with pharma companies if they fail to follow its rules for reporting product side effects. It may resort to naming and shaming those that do not comply and could even prosecute offenders.

Kiln, a Lloyds of London underwriter, has come up with a novel way for pharma companies to mitigate the risk of patent challenges: insurance. Kiln created a policy for a big pharma company covering a number of patents and trademarks the company considers essential for its future profitability.

As the fanfare over the sequencing of the human genome fades, the spotlight turns to the "shovel and pans" companies offering the tools investors are betting on to make "gene to drug" a reality.

Products in Trouble

Canberra, Australia-The Australian Pharmaceutical Manufacturers' Association has denounced calls from the country's media and some of its doctors to drastically curtail drug promotion. APMA chief executive Alan Evans says any such move would severely affect the healthcare of millions of people in Australia and could even result in premature death.

GSK Faces Bribe Charges, Changing of the Guard

As a chemist, a vice-president, and just about everything in between, Sarah Harrison has spent 25 years delivering business excellence and predicting the impact of radical changes in the healthcare environment. Now she leads AstraZeneca in its own multi-faceted transformation.

New markets are a pharmaceutical company's dream. And China, with a population of 1.3 billion-and new membership in the World Trade organization-could be the pharma industry's dream come true. The country's projected growth rate of 1.1 percent per year, which will increase its pharma market by at least $50 million annually, in addition to an increasingly prosperous population with a greater awareness of health-related issues, make the market extremely attractive. (See "People Power,")

Capetown-In March, ruling on a case initiated by the Treatment Action Campaign, Save Our Babies, and the Children's Rights Centre, Judge Chris Botha ordered the South African government to provide the anti-retroviral nevirapine to all HIV-positive pregnant women.

After months of stalemate between the White House and Senate democrats over the appointment of a new FDA commissioner, Health and Human Services secretary Tommy Thompson took a shortcut February 26 and named Lester Crawford deputy commissioner. The move allowed Crawford to start work at FDA immediately, skipping the lengthy Senate confirmation process.

Ed Calesa knows women-or rather, he understands the female market. After starting his career as marketing research manager for Roche, he co-founded Health Learning Systems in 1971 and pioneered the use of continuing medical education as part of the healthcare promotional mix. There he developed and implemented two of the earliest and most successful initiatives targeting female baby boomers. Launched during the drive for women's liberation in the swingin' seventies, Calesa's campaigns helped open a dialogue between opinion leaders and women, addressing contraception and the use of formula for newborns. During nearly 20 years in that position, he gained an

Eli Lilly recently joined the growing list of pharma companies offering discount card programs for Medicare beneficiaries in an effort to "do something now" to help low-income seniors afford medicines. Although Lilly chairman Sidney Taurel voiced support for a broader drug benefit for the elderly-as do his pharma colleagues-he described the LillyAnswers program as "quick relief" while the Medicare-reform debate continues.

A new report by Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) scotches the myth that the most effective forms of malaria treatment are too expensive for East African countries.

Perseverance furthers. Those two unadorned words from the ancient I Ching were all that first entered my startled mind as I accepted the Oscar of business-to-business media-the Grand Neal Award.

Test

Pharmaceutical Executive won the prestigious Grand Neal Award at the 48th annual Jesse H. Neal National Business Journalism Awards.To find out more, click here.

GSK in Hot Water

Most people experience at least one event that changes the direction of their lives. For George Rosenkranz-the man who made "the pill" possible-it was a stopover in Cuba. In 1941, he was on his way by boat from Switzerland to a position as a professor of Organic Chemistry at the University of Quito in Equador. But the ship that was scheduled to pick him up in Cuba never came. Pearl Harbor had been bombed, and the world changed. So Rosenkranz-stranded on the island-went to work for a pharma company.

Pfizer's $20 million donation of the long-acting antibiotic Zithromax (azithromycin), which is effective against trachoma with a single annual oral dose, has propelled the worldwide effort against the disease into its second phase

Hard on the heels of the June 2000 announcement that the human genome sequence was completed came a wide array of articles on genomics' impact on drug discovery and development

How quickly the promise of pharmacogenomics and other medical miracles materializes may soon depend more on war-driven politics than science. Only free exchange of scientific information in public arenas such as peer-review journals makes progress possible. But now in the United States, long an avatar of freedom and progress, the government's war on terror threatens to subjugate that tradition in a new culture of secrecy.

Washington DC-As part of its continuing investigation into competition and intellectual property rights, the US Federal Trade Commission and the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice recently kicked off a series of hearings.

t a January meeting in Geneva, the Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria (GFATM)-set up last year by an alliance of private donors, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), foundations, national governments, and intergovernmental organizations-elected its directors, announced its funding criteria, and approved its first call for funding proposals.